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THEO202 final exam, winter 2013, prof Bellavance

by mack911 » Sun Apr 21, 2013 11:41 am

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Nouveau Word 2007english.doc: Here are examples of how to write the final paper ( take home exam ) of introduction to the Bible ( THEO 202) with Mr.Bellavance
Attention!!!! Always make a short introduction and conclusion. It gives you some few points for the structure of your text.

1) The Bible has a long history of composition and transmission. Discuss the different issues involved in the formation and transmission of the Bible.

The Bible is the most published book and most in the world. She(it) reached us after centuries of reorganization and compilation. Diverse authors composed the papers of the Bible.
The training(formation) and the transmission of the Bible are very complex. The various books carry(wear) either human names or names which make reference to a time(period) or an event. For example, " Solomon”s proverbs " make reference to king Solomon, son of king David; the genesis, which literally means beginning, tells the story of the creation of the world. Even if certain books of the Bible have proper nouns, it is often a multitude of authors who composed it. The authors were inspired in fact by the message of these figures of authority. However, this practice is more present in the books of the Old Testament than in the books of the New Testament. The majority of the books of the New Testament bear the name of their respective authors, so four Gospels bear the name of Matthew, Mark, Luke and John. Paul wrote too under pen names, besides his letters in churches situated in cities as Rome or Ephesus, he wrote under the name of Timothy and of Philemon. As a general rule, the experts know a big problem with regard the identification of the real authors of the biblical texts. On the other hand, the original texts were not found, if yes, just a few of them. The papers were probably modified during decades. The papers were often edited by scribes, who often belonged to a religious environment, and under the influence of this religious community changed the papers to give them the deliberate final shape. The formation of the Bible is a very long process, it is among others necessary: compose books, copy them, print them, etc. Very often, books were parts which it was necessary to assemble, because texts were never complete. Furthermore, the oral tradition prevailed for a long time, because the number of people who knew how to read and write was small. What made so that narratives were often, voluntarily or not, modified. They were it also in the process of edition and copy of books. The first written compilations of the Hebrew books were going to appear under the Persian domination, and they were going to be returned during the repatriation of the Jews. Several texts were however rejected during the compilation in a single book.
The transmission of the biblical texts was also made in several stages. The biblical texts translated, during the years, in diverse languages(tongues). Often, the language(tongue) of translation was the dominant language(tongue) of time(period). That is why even if the Jews speak Hebrew, a large number of books(pounds) were translated into Greek and into Latin, which in certain times(periods) were the most influential languages(tongues). They were also placed in an official list, it is the process of canonization. Numerous texts were rejected, when it was not advisable in the requirements of those who assembled them. It is also a whole process of selection. Books selected for the official list are the ones which were not rejected. Certain books as the Gospel of Judas and Philemon were not retained for diverse reasons.

In conclusion, before having reached us under its final shape, the Bible consisted by several authors in more than a language. The books which compose it were selected among an outfit and its final shape appeared towards the end of the fourth century. Today, the Bible is translated in more than hundred of languages and dialects. The final shape which we know passed by several processes, and must be changed more than once.

2) Discuss how the Gospel of John differs from the synoptic Gospels.

The New Testament is, as the Old Testament, a compilation of several books. Four first ones form the Gospels. They tell all the story of the life of Jesus. However, they put attention on the end of his life.

The first three Gospels form the synoptic Gospels, because they are alike at the level of the structure and the told stories a lot. The last one, John's Gospel, differs from three others. The Gospel of John has quite a different structure and composition, which is very different from others. In the synoptic Gospels, the ministry of Jesus begins after its baptism, by John the Baptist. Nevertheless in that of Jean, the beginning of his ministry coincides with the event of the temple, when he chased away the storekeepers. Thus, the chronology of the other Gospels differs from that of Jean. Furthermore, certain present elements in the Gospel of the latter are not it in the synoptic Gospels. We can take in example the baptism of Jesus, which is told by the other Gospels, but which John does not mention. Yet, we know to what extent the baptism was and is still important for the Jewish and Christian communities. It is also important, because it is after the baptism that the Holy Spirit came fell on the Christ and because he was going to begin his ministry. John's Gospel also makes omission of the last Supper. It proves us that the purpose of four Gospels was not the same. Matthew and Luke used the same source, that is Mark’s Gospel. What explains this strong resemblance in the structure and the composition of three narratives.
John's Gospel is based on the testimony of certain unknown follower as Jesus liked(loved). This follower question is very important in John's book. We find him in none of the other Gospels. His way of behaving is very different from other followers. First of all, he is the present only man during the crucifixion of the Christ. Jesus shows an absolved trust in this follower, in a point such as he confided him the care of his own mother. More still, Jesus gives him his mother by saying: " here is your mother ". It is still him who ran to the grave, even faster than Peter. And when Jesus appeared, by the lake, to his followers; it is him who had recognized him. This follower is an eyewitness of the events whom tells John's Gospel. Among all the Gospels, John's Gospel would be the only one told by an eyewitness. He will thus say at the end of the Gospel: " [it is this follower who tells these things] ".
Besides, contrary to the Jesus of the other Gospels, the one of john does not speak in parabola. He will deliver rather long speeches, similar to the sermon on the Mountain, where he pronounced the bliss-es. Another element interesting on the differentiation between the Gospel of john and the others, it is the importance of his ministry. If in the synoptic Gospels the ministry of Jesus has a major importance, the Gospel of john will insist on the divine character of this one. Moreover, the purpose of John it is to see to it that people believe in the divinity of Jesus. For the other evangelists, the coming of Christ announces something new for the Jewish people, but for John it's as if the world reached its end.

However, John's Gospel, in spite of all its difference of the other Gospels, possesses some common points with them. Quite as in the synoptic Gospels, there is only the last week of the life of Jesus which is mentioned there. The meaning of the death of Jesus is also a subject of exploration for every four Gospels.; (27 KiB)

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THEO202 final exam, winter 2013, prof Bellavance

THEO202 final exam, winter 2013, prof Bellavance

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